Matera, located in the region of Basilicata in southern Italy, is a city that exudes an ancient charm and a rich historical heritage. Known as "la Città Sotterranea" or the "Underground City," Matera is famous for its unique cave dwellings, known as Sassi, which have been inhabited for thousands of years. The Sassi of Matera, a UNESCO World Heritage site, are a labyrinth of narrow streets, alleys, and houses carved into the rock. These dwellings, dating back to prehistoric times, were once considered a symbol of poverty and neglect. However, in recent years, they have undergone a remarkable transformation and have become a symbol of cultural revival and architectural beauty.